Asian Nursing Research
Volume 1, Issue 1 , Pages 35-47, June 2007

Effects of Nutrition Education and Exercise Programs on Perceived Dietary Behaviors, Food Intake and Serum Lipid Profiles in Elderly Korean Women Living in Residential Homes

  • Hee-Seon Kim, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan Chungnam, Korea
    • ,
  • Kyung-Ja June, RN, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, Asan Chungnam, Korea
    • ,
  • Rhayun Song, RN, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Dae Jeon, Korea
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Rhayun Song, RN, PhD, Department of Nursing, Chungnam National University, 6 Munwha 1–Dong, Daejeon 301–747, Korea

Article Outline

Purpose

Strong predictors for the risk of cardiovascular disease in older adults include levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which can be modified by dietary behavioral changes and regular physical exercise. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in perceived dietary behaviors, food intake, and serum lipid profiles after providing a nutrition education and exercise program to elderly women living in residential homes.

Methods

The nutrition education classes and supervised Korean dance exercise classes (four times per week) were provided for 10 weeks to 64 elderly women from residential homes in Korea. Subjects were interviewed to assess perceived dietary behaviors, food intake by 24-hour recall, and fasting blood samples were obtained before and after the program and at a 3-month follow-up.

Results

Initially, the intakes of vitamin A, vitamin C, riboflavin and calcium of our subjects were insufficient. After the program, the actual food intake and perceived dietary behaviors were significantly improved, but had declined back to baseline levels by the 3-month follow-up. The index of nutritional quality and serum lipid profiles were significantly improved after the program, and they remained significant at the 3-month follow-up.

Conclusion

The nutrition education and exercise program for institutionalized elderly women was effective in leading to positive changes shortly after the program, but the effects only partially remained at the 3-month follow-up. A health promotion program designed for an elderly population should consider strategies of motivating them to initiate a healthy lifestyle and subsequently maintain improvements in dietary behavior-related health in the long term.

Key Words:  aged , cholesterol , dietary modification , education , exercise

No full text is available. To read the body of this article, please view the PDF online.

 

Back to Article Outline

References 

  1. Amarantos E , Martinez A , Dwyer J . Nutrition and quality of life in older adults . The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Science Medical Science . 2001;56:54–64
  2. American Heart Association  . Diabetes and Cholesterol . Retrieved May 15, 2007, from http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3044764 2007;
  3. Boardley D , Fahlman M , Topp R , Morgan AL , McNevin N . The impact of exercise training on blood lipids in older adults . American Journal of Geriatric Cardiology . 2007;16:36–37
  4. Drewnowski A , Evans WJ . Nutrition, physical activity, and quality of life in older adults: Summary . The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Science Medical Science . 2001;56:89–94
  5. Friedewald WT , Levy RI , Fredrickson DS . Estimation of concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge . Clinical Chemistry . 1972;18:499–502
  6. Goldberg JP , Gershoff SN , McGandy RB . Appropriate topics for nutrition education for elderly . Journal of Nutrition Education . 1990;22:310–330
  7. Han MD . Reformed Health Plan 2010 – Disease prevention and control . Korea Institute for Health and Social Affair Policy Forum . 2006;112:24–46
  8. Harris TB , Savage PJ , Tell GS , Haan M , Kumanyika S , Lynch JC . Carrying the burden of cardiovascular risk in old age: associations of weight and weight change with prevalent cardiovascular disease, risk factors, and health status in the Cardiovascular Health Study . American Journal of Clinical Nutrition . 1997;66:837–844
  9. Health Guide  . National Statistics. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. . Retrieved May 15, 2007, from http://www.hp.go.kr 2006;
  10. Johansson G , Wikman A , Ahren AM , Hallmans G , Johansson I . Underreporting of energy intake in repeated 24-hour recalls related to gender, age, weight status, day of interview, educational level, reported food intake, smoking habits and area of living . Public Health Nutrition . 2000;4:919–927
  11. Kim BH , Kye SH , Lee HS , Jang YA , Shin AJ . 1999 Seasonal Nutrition Survey – Nutrient intake status . Journal of Korean Diet Association . 2001;7:426–438
  12. Kim SY , Jeon EY , Sok SR , Kim KB . Comparison of health-promoting behaviors of noninstitutionalized and institutionalized older adults in Korea . Journal of Nursing Scholarship . 2006;38:31–35
  13. Korea Health Industry Development Institute  . Report on 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey . Seoul, Korea: Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare; 2002;
  14. Kraus WE , Houmard JA , Duscha BD , Knetzger KJ , Warton MB , McCartney JS , et al.   Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins . New England Journal of Medicine . 2002;347:1483–1492
  15. Lippi G , Schena F , Salovagno GL , Montagnana M , Ballestrieri F , Guidi GC . Comparison of the lipid profile and lipoprotein(a) between sedentary and highly trained subjects . Clinical Chemistry of Laboratory Medicine . 2006;44:322–326
  16. Ministry of Health and Welfare  . Yearbook of Health and Welfare Statistics . Seoul, Korea: Author; 2001;
  17. Nasser R , Cook SL , Dorsch KD , Haennel RG . Comparison of two nutrition education approaches to reduce dietary fat intake and serum lipids reveals registered dietitians are effective at disseminating information regardless of the educational approach . Journal of American Dietitian Association . 2006;106:850–859
  18. Nigg CR , Burbank PM , Padula C , Dufresne R , Rossi JS , Velicer WF , et al.   Stages of change across ten health risk behaviors for older adults . Gerontologist . 1999;39:473–482
  19. Plonczynski D . Measurement of motivation for exercise . Health Education Research . 2000;15:695–705
  20. Slentz, C. A., Houmard, J. A., Johnson, J. L., Aiken, L. B., Tanner, C. J., McCartney, J. S., et al. (2007). Inactivity, exercise training and detraining, and plasma lipoproteins. STRRIDE: A randomized, controlled study of exercise intensity and amount. Journal of Applied Physiology (E-journal published ahead of print).
  21. Son SM , Kim MJ . The effect of nutrition education program for various chronic disease in elderly visiting public health center . Korean Journal of Community Nutrition . 2001;6:668–677
  22. Song R , June KJ , Ro YJ , Kim CG . Effects of motivation-enhancing program on health behaviors, cardiovascular risk factors, and functional status for institutionalized elderly women . Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing . 2001;31:858–870
  23. Song R , Kim HS . Comparing actual food intake and serum lipid profile with perceived dietary behavior in Korean myocardial infarction patients . Nutrition Research . 2002;22:891–900
  24. Song R , Lee H . Effects of the inpatient cardiac rehabilitation program on behavioral modification and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease . Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing . 2000;30:463–475
  25. Song R , Lee H . Managing health habits for myocardial infarction (MI) patients . International Journal of Nursing Studies . 2001;38:375–380
  26. Song YS , Chung HK , Cho MS . The nutritional status of the female elderly residents in nursing home: I. Nutritional and biochemical health status . Korean Journal of Nutrition . 1995;28:1100–1116
  27. Stefanick ML , Mackey S , Sheehan M , Ellsworth N , Haskell WL , Wood PD . Effects of diet and exercise in men and postmenopausal women with low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of LDL cholesterol . New England Journal of Medicine . 1998;339:12–20
  28. Stergioulas AT , Filippou DK . Effects of physical conditioning on lipids and arachidonic acid metabolites in untrained boys: A longitudinal study . Applied Physiology of Nutrition Metabolism . 2006;31:432–441
  29. The Korean Society of Nutrition  . Recommended daily allowances for Koreans . 7th ed.. Seoul, Korea: The Korean Society of Nutrition; 2005;
  30. Tucker M , Reicks M . Exercise as a gateway behavior for healthful eating among older adults: an exploratory study . Journal of Nutrition Education Behavior . 2002;34:S14–S19
  31. Yim KS . Analysis of the characteristics of an attendee in an elderly nutrition education program– using the factors of health promotion model . Korean Journal of Community Nutrition . 1998;3:609–621
  32. Yim KS , Min YH , Lee TY , Kim YJ . Strategies to improve elderly nutrition through nutrition education: evaluation of the effectiveness of the program . Korean Journal of Community Nutrition . 1999;4:207–218

PII: S1976-1317(08)60007-9

doi:10.1016/S1976-1317(08)60007-9

Asian Nursing Research
Volume 1, Issue 1 , Pages 35-47, June 2007

Article Tools